HNL in serum or whole blood after activation

The superior diagnostic performance of HNL in infectious disease is achieved in serum or after activation of neutrophils in whole blood.

In urine HNL may be used to diagnose acute kidney injury and infection in the urinary tract. The trick is the antibody configuration of the HNL assays. By using various combinations of polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies produced against native HNL, specificities as to cellular origin and cause of the disease are obtained .